Go to top or bottom of previous codebook page

GSS 1972-2021 Cumulative Datafile

Job Supervision

wksubdoes r or spouse have supervisor
Text of this Question or Item 
191. Do you (does your [SPOUSE]) have a supervisor on 
(your/his/her) job to whom you are (he/she is) directly 
responsible?
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases		 wksub
1
yes		 2
no		 .d
 .i
 .n
 .x
 ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 79.5
935		 20.5
241		 -
0		 -
416		 -
21		 -
0		 100.0
1,613
1973 78.0
858		 22.0
242		 -
4		 -
369		 -
31		 -
0		 100.0
1,504
1974 78.6
836		 21.4
227		 -
1		 -
400		 -
20		 -
0		 100.0
1,484
1975 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,490		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,490
1976 80.9
822		 19.1
194		 -
2		 -
450		 -
31		 -
0		 100.0
1,499
1977 82.7
925		 17.3
194		 -
3		 -
382		 -
26		 -
0		 100.0
1,530
1978 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,532		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,532
1980 80.0
848		 20.0
212		 -
0		 -
404		 -
4		 -
0		 100.0
1,468
1982 80.3
983		 19.7
241		 -
3		 -
589		 -
44		 -
0		 100.0
1,860
1983 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,599		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,599
1984 80.3
864		 19.7
212		 -
3		 -
390		 -
4		 -
0		 100.0
1,473
1985 77.0
838		 23.0
251		 -
0		 -
438		 -
7		 -
0		 100.0
1,534
1986 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,470		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,470
1987 79.6
1,033		 20.4
264		 -
4		 -
506		 -
12		 -
0		 100.0
1,819
1988 81.7
488		 18.3
109		 -
1		 -
792		 -
91		 -
0		 100.0
1,481
1989 79.6
572		 20.4
147		 -
3		 -
808		 -
7		 -
0		 100.0
1,537
1990 80.6
518		 19.4
125		 -
2		 -
723		 -
4		 -
0		 100.0
1,372
1991 79.5
776		 20.5
200		 -
1		 -
527		 -
13		 -
0		 100.0
1,517
1993 81.2
620		 18.8
144		 -
0		 -
839		 -
3		 -
0		 100.0
1,606
1994 80.9
1,174		 19.1
278		 -
1		 -
1,532		 -
7		 -
0		 100.0
2,992
1996 79.5
1,170		 20.5
302		 -
2		 -
1,420		 -
10		 -
0		 100.0
2,904
1998 81.8
1,122		 18.2
250		 -
3		 -
1,435		 -
22		 -
0		 100.0
2,832
2000 83.7
1,096		 16.3
213		 -
3		 -
1,467		 -
38		 -
0		 100.0
2,817
2002 80.0
1,057		 20.0
264		 -
1		 -
1,441		 -
2		 -
0		 100.0
2,765
2004 79.1
1,100		 20.9
290		 -
3		 -
1,397		 -
22		 -
0		 100.0
2,812
2006 80.8
2,585		 19.2
615		 -
5		 -
1,289		 -
16		 -
0		 100.0
4,510
2008 80.3
1,149		 19.7
281		 -
6		 -
581		 -
6		 -
0		 100.0
2,023
2010 80.1
1,063		 19.9
264		 -
2		 -
700		 -
15		 -
0		 100.0
2,044
2012 83.0
1,122		 17.0
229		 -
5		 -
607		 -
11		 -
0		 100.0
1,974
2014 81.9
1,427		 18.1
316		 -
4		 -
788		 -
3		 -
0		 100.0
2,538
2016 81.7
1,558		 18.3
348		 -
4		 -
941		 -
16		 -
0		 100.0
2,867
2018 82.5
1,325		 17.5
282		 -
5		 -
734		 -
2		 -
0		 100.0
2,348
2021 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
4,032		 -
4,032
COL TOTAL 80.6
28,864		 19.4
6,935		 -
71		 -
28,456		 -
488		 -
4,032		 100.0
68,846
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.n,.x
wksubsdoes supervisor have supervisor
Text of this Question or Item 
191a. If yes: Does that person have a superviosr on the job to 
whom he is directly responsible?
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases		 wksubs
3
yes		 4
no		 .d
 .i
 .n
 .x
 ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 79.0
728		 21.0
193		 -
0		 -
657		 -
35		 -
0		 100.0
1,613
1973 80.8
667		 19.2
159		 -
16		 -
646		 -
16		 -
0		 100.0
1,504
1974 81.1
669		 18.9
156		 -
9		 -
628		 -
22		 -
0		 100.0
1,484
1975 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,490		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,490
1976 83.2
677		 16.8
137		 -
6		 -
646		 -
33		 -
0		 100.0
1,499
1977 82.7
753		 17.3
158		 -
10		 -
579		 -
30		 -
0		 100.0
1,530
1978 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,532		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,532
1980 80.1
674		 19.9
167		 -
5		 -
616		 -
6		 -
0		 100.0
1,468
1982 79.7
769		 20.3
196		 -
12		 -
833		 -
50		 -
0		 100.0
1,860
1983 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,599		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,599
1984 80.1
685		 19.9
170		 -
6		 -
605		 -
7		 -
0		 100.0
1,473
1985 76.4
635		 23.6
196		 -
5		 -
689		 -
9		 -
0		 100.0
1,534
1986 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,470		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,470
1987 81.8
829		 18.2
185		 -
13		 -
774		 -
18		 -
0		 100.0
1,819
1988 79.5
381		 20.5
98		 -
6		 -
902		 -
94		 -
0		 100.0
1,481
1989 80.1
451		 19.9
112		 -
4		 -
958		 -
12		 -
0		 100.0
1,537
1990 78.7
403		 21.3
109		 -
3		 -
850		 -
7		 -
0		 100.0
1,372
1991 81.5
415		 18.5
94		 -
8		 -
987		 -
13		 -
0		 100.0
1,517
1993 79.5
478		 20.5
123		 -
10		 -
983		 -
12		 -
0		 100.0
1,606
1994 80.1
926		 19.9
230		 -
10		 -
1,812		 -
14		 -
0		 100.0
2,992
1996 81.3
930		 18.7
214		 -
10		 -
1,724		 -
26		 -
0		 100.0
2,904
1998 78.8
866		 21.2
233		 -
13		 -
1,688		 -
32		 -
0		 100.0
2,832
2000 80.6
867		 19.4
209		 -
8		 -
1,683		 -
50		 -
0		 100.0
2,817
2002 79.3
832		 20.7
217		 -
6		 -
1,706		 -
4		 -
0		 100.0
2,765
2004 80.2
880		 19.8
217		 -
3		 -
1,690		 -
22		 -
0		 100.0
2,812
2006 82.6
2,124		 17.4
447		 -
13		 -
1,922		 -
4		 -
0		 100.0
4,510
2008 80.8
920		 19.2
218		 -
11		 -
874		 -
0		 -
0		 100.0
2,023
2010 79.2
837		 20.8
220		 -
6		 -
975		 -
6		 -
0		 100.0
2,044
2012 81.9
913		 18.1
202		 -
7		 -
838		 -
14		 -
0		 100.0
1,974
2014 82.4
1,197		 17.6
256		 -
9		 -
273		 -
803		 -
0		 100.0
2,538
2016 82.0
1,270		 18.0
279		 -
12		 -
1,279		 -
27		 -
0		 100.0
2,867
2018 84.2
1,108		 15.8
208		 -
11		 -
1,009		 -
12		 -
0		 100.0
2,348
2021 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
4,032		 -
4,032
COL TOTAL 80.9
22,884		 19.1
5,403		 -
232		 -
34,917		 -
1,378		 -
4,032		 100.0
68,846
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.n,.x
wksupdoes r or spouse supervise anyone
Text of this Question or Item 
192. In your [SPOUSE]'s job, (do you/does he/she) supervise 
anyone who is directly responsible to (you/him/her)?
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases		 wksup
1
yes		 2
no		 .d
 .i
 .n
 .x
 ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 36.2
415		 63.8
730		 -
0		 -
416		 -
52		 -
0		 100.0
1,613
1973 40.9
435		 59.1
628		 -
6		 -
369		 -
66		 -
0		 100.0
1,504
1974 41.4
426		 58.6
604		 -
3		 -
400		 -
51		 -
0		 100.0
1,484
1975 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,490		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,490
1976 39.5
374		 60.5
572		 -
1		 -
450		 -
102		 -
0		 100.0
1,499
1977 38.8
418		 61.2
660		 -
8		 -
382		 -
62		 -
0		 100.0
1,530
1978 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,532		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,532
1980 44.4
460		 55.6
575		 -
4		 -
404		 -
25		 -
0		 100.0
1,468
1982 41.2
492		 58.8
701		 -
4		 -
589		 -
74		 -
0		 100.0
1,860
1983 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,599		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,599
1984 41.7
432		 58.3
603		 -
6		 -
390		 -
42		 -
0		 100.0
1,473
1985 43.8
468		 56.2
601		 -
7		 -
438		 -
20		 -
0		 100.0
1,534
1986 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,470		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,470
1987 40.9
512		 59.1
739		 -
9		 -
506		 -
53		 -
0		 100.0
1,819
1988 39.3
229		 60.7
353		 -
1		 -
792		 -
106		 -
0		 100.0
1,481
1989 44.2
310		 55.8
392		 -
4		 -
808		 -
23		 -
0		 100.0
1,537
1990 41.1
262		 58.9
375		 -
0		 -
723		 -
12		 -
0		 100.0
1,372
1991 36.4
239		 63.6
418		 -
2		 -
841		 -
17		 -
0		 100.0
1,517
1993 43.8
329		 56.2
422		 -
5		 -
839		 -
11		 -
0		 100.0
1,606
1994 41.0
586		 59.0
842		 -
3		 -
1,532		 -
29		 -
0		 100.0
2,992
1996 40.9
585		 59.1
847		 -
6		 -
1,420		 -
46		 -
0		 100.0
2,904
1998 42.0
564		 58.0
780		 -
8		 -
1,435		 -
45		 -
0		 100.0
2,832
2000 40.0
504		 60.0
755		 -
9		 -
1,467		 -
82		 -
0		 100.0
2,817
2002 39.3
519		 60.7
800		 -
2		 -
1,441		 -
3		 -
0		 100.0
2,765
2004 38.4
535		 61.6
858		 -
0		 -
1,397		 -
22		 -
0		 100.0
2,812
2006 37.4
1,195		 62.6
2,000		 -
9		 -
1,289		 -
17		 -
0		 100.0
4,510
2008 38.4
549		 61.6
881		 -
5		 -
581		 -
7		 -
0		 100.0
2,023
2010 36.6
485		 63.4
839		 -
4		 -
700		 -
16		 -
0		 100.0
2,044
2012 37.7
507		 62.3
837		 -
12		 -
607		 -
11		 -
0		 100.0
1,974
2014 35.9
625		 64.1
1,117		 -
4		 -
788		 -
4		 -
0		 100.0
2,538
2016 38.3
729		 61.7
1,175		 -
5		 -
941		 -
17		 -
0		 100.0
2,867
2018 36.0
578		 64.0
1,029		 -
4		 -
726		 -
11		 -
0		 100.0
2,348
2021 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
4,032		 -
4,032
COL TOTAL 39.4
13,762		 60.6
21,133		 -
131		 -
28,762		 -
1,026		 -
4,032		 100.0
68,846
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.n,.x
wksupsdoes subordinate supervise anyone
Text of this Question or Item 
192a. If yes: Do any of those persons supervise anyone else?
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases		 wksups
3
yes		 4
no		 .d
 .i
 .n
 .x
 ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 35.3
145		 64.7
266		 -
0		 -
1,146		 -
56		 -
0		 100.0
1,613
1973 35.1
147		 64.9
272		 -
7		 -
1,069		 -
9		 -
0		 100.0
1,504
1974 32.1
134		 67.9
284		 -
5		 -
1,007		 -
54		 -
0		 100.0
1,484
1975 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,490		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,490
1976 34.1
125		 65.9
242		 -
4		 -
1,023		 -
105		 -
0		 100.0
1,499
1977 34.3
139		 65.7
266		 -
5		 -
1,050		 -
70		 -
0		 100.0
1,530
1978 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,532		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,532
1980 29.8
135		 70.2
318		 -
7		 -
983		 -
25		 -
0		 100.0
1,468
1982 30.1
146		 69.9
339		 -
2		 -
1,294		 -
79		 -
0		 100.0
1,860
1983 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,599		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,599
1984 36.1
154		 63.9
273		 -
4		 -
999		 -
43		 -
0		 100.0
1,473
1985 35.1
162		 64.9
299		 -
5		 -
1,046		 -
22		 -
0		 100.0
1,534
1986 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,470		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,470
1987 34.3
174		 65.7
334		 -
2		 -
1,254		 -
55		 -
0		 100.0
1,819
1988 37.3
84		 62.7
141		 -
4		 -
1,146		 -
106		 -
0		 100.0
1,481
1989 31.6
97		 68.4
210		 -
2		 -
1,204		 -
24		 -
0		 100.0
1,537
1990 31.5
81		 68.5
176		 -
3		 -
1,098		 -
14		 -
0		 100.0
1,372
1991 37.5
87		 62.5
145		 -
5		 -
1,261		 -
19		 -
0		 100.0
1,517
1993 38.5
124		 61.5
198		 -
4		 -
1,265		 -
15		 -
0		 100.0
1,606
1994 34.8
202		 65.2
378		 -
5		 -
2,378		 -
29		 -
0		 100.0
2,992
1996 38.2
217		 61.8
351		 -
8		 -
2,273		 -
55		 -
0		 100.0
2,904
1998 37.0
204		 63.0
348		 -
6		 -
2,224		 -
50		 -
0		 100.0
2,832
2000 36.9
181		 63.1
310		 -
6		 -
2,231		 -
89		 -
0		 100.0
2,817
2002 28.1
145		 71.9
371		 -
1		 -
2,243		 -
5		 -
0		 100.0
2,765
2004 29.3
156		 70.7
376		 -
3		 -
2,255		 -
22		 -
0		 100.0
2,812
2006 30.1
358		 69.9
833		 -
4		 -
3,301		 -
14		 -
0		 100.0
4,510
2008 26.2
143		 73.8
402		 -
4		 -
1,467		 -
7		 -
0		 100.0
2,023
2010 27.7
133		 72.3
348		 -
4		 -
1,543		 -
16		 -
0		 100.0
2,044
2012 31.3
157		 68.7
344		 -
6		 -
1,455		 -
12		 -
0		 100.0
1,974
2014 27.7
176		 72.3
460		 -
4		 -
1,149		 -
749		 -
0		 100.0
2,538
2016 30.7
222		 69.3
500		 -
7		 -
2,121		 -
17		 -
0		 100.0
2,867
2018 34.3
197		 65.7
378		 -
4		 -
1,758		 -
11		 -
0		 100.0
2,348
2021 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
4,032		 -
4,032
COL TOTAL 32.6
4,425		 67.4
9,162		 -
121		 -
49,334		 -
1,772		 -
4,032		 100.0
68,846
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.n,.x

Standard of Living

unempever unemployed in last ten yrs
Text of this Question or Item 
193. At any time during the last ten years, have you been 
unemployed and looking for work for as long as a month?
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases		 unemp
1
yes		 2
no		 .d
 .i
 .n
 .x
 ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,613		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,613
1973 27.9
420		 72.1
1,083		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1		 -
0		 100.0
1,504
1974 25.9
384		 74.1
1,098		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2		 -
0		 100.0
1,484
1975 27.6
408		 72.4
1,071		 -
0		 -
0		 -
11		 -
0		 100.0
1,490
1976 27.6
413		 72.4
1,085		 -
1		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 100.0
1,499
1977 28.5
435		 71.5
1,092		 -
0		 -
0		 -
3		 -
0		 100.0
1,530
1978 29.3
448		 70.7
1,082		 -
2		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 100.0
1,532
1980 27.9
410		 72.1
1,058		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 100.0
1,468
1982 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,860		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,860
1983 33.7
538		 66.3
1,057		 -
1		 -
0		 -
3		 -
0		 100.0
1,599
1984 33.4
490		 66.6
978		 -
1		 -
0		 -
4		 -
0		 100.0
1,473
1985 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,534		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,534
1986 30.4
445		 69.6
1,021		 -
1		 -
0		 -
3		 -
0		 100.0
1,470
1987 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,819		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,819
1988 31.4
312		 68.6
682		 -
1		 -
484		 -
2		 -
0		 100.0
1,481
1989 28.5
294		 71.5
738		 -
1		 -
502		 -
2		 -
0		 100.0
1,537
1990 29.5
265		 70.5
632		 -
2		 -
473		 -
0		 -
0		 100.0
1,372
1991 29.8
302		 70.2
713		 -
1		 -
500		 -
1		 -
0		 100.0
1,517
1993 32.4
341		 67.6
712		 -
0		 -
549		 -
4		 -
0		 100.0
1,606
1994 32.3
647		 67.7
1,357		 -
1		 -
981		 -
6		 -
0		 100.0
2,992
1996 33.5
642		 66.5
1,275		 -
3		 -
979		 -
5		 -
0		 100.0
2,904
1998 30.6
580		 69.4
1,316		 -
1		 -
921		 -
14		 -
0		 100.0
2,832
2000 30.5
561		 69.5
1,278		 -
8		 -
959		 -
11		 -
0		 100.0
2,817
2002 30.7
279		 69.3
631		 -
2		 -
1,853		 -
0		 -
0		 100.0
2,765
2004 32.5
284		 67.5
590		 -
2		 -
1,936		 -
0		 -
0		 100.0
2,812
2006 32.4
643		 67.6
1,342		 -
2		 -
2,521		 -
2		 -
0		 100.0
4,510
2008 33.1
451		 66.9
913		 -
1		 -
658		 -
0		 -
0		 100.0
2,023
2010 37.8
520		 62.2
854		 -
2		 -
667		 -
1		 -
0		 100.0
2,044
2012 35.8
478		 64.2
859		 -
0		 -
636		 -
1		 -
0		 100.0
1,974
2014 35.7
602		 64.3
1,082		 -
2		 -
851		 -
1		 -
0		 100.0
2,538
2016 36.6
715		 63.4
1,236		 -
2		 -
911		 -
3		 -
0		 100.0
2,867
2018 34.0
531		 66.0
1,029		 -
2		 -
785		 -
1		 -
0		 100.0
2,348
2021 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
4,032		 -
4,032
COL TOTAL 31.5
12,838		 68.5
27,864		 -
39		 -
23,992		 -
81		 -
4,032		 100.0
68,846
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.n,.x
govaidever receive welfare, unemp insur, etc.
Text of this Question or Item 
194. Did you ever - because of sickness, unemployment, or any 
other reason - receive anything like welfare, unemployment 
insurance, or other aid from government agencies?
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases		 govaid
1
yes		 2
no		 .d
 .i
 .n
 ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,613		 -
0		 -
1,613
1973 33.4
502		 66.6
1,001		 -
1		 -
0		 -
0		 100.0
1,504
1974 32.5
481		 67.5
999		 -
2		 -
0		 -
2		 100.0
1,484
1975 34.3
511		 65.7
978		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1		 100.0
1,490
1976 34.6
518		 65.4
980		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1		 100.0
1,499
1977 38.1
582		 61.9
947		 -
1		 -
0		 -
0		 100.0
1,530
1978 37.3
570		 62.7
959		 -
3		 -
0		 -
0		 100.0
1,532
1980 37.4
547		 62.6
916		 -
5		 -
0		 -
0		 100.0
1,468
1982 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,860		 -
0		 -
1,860
1983 38.5
614		 61.5
980		 -
3		 -
0		 -
2		 100.0
1,599
1984 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,473		 -
0		 -
1,473
1985 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,534		 -
0		 -
1,534
1986 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,470		 -
0		 -
1,470
1987 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,819		 -
0		 -
1,819
1988 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,481		 -
0		 -
1,481
1989 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,537		 -
0		 -
1,537
1990 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,372		 -
0		 -
1,372
1991 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,517		 -
0		 -
1,517
1993 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,606		 -
0		 -
1,606
1994 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,992		 -
0		 -
2,992
1996 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,904		 -
0		 -
2,904
1998 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,832		 -
0		 -
2,832
2000 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,817		 -
0		 -
2,817
2002 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,765		 -
0		 -
2,765
2004 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,812		 -
0		 -
2,812
2006 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
4,510		 -
0		 -
4,510
2008 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,023		 -
0		 -
2,023
2010 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,044		 -
0		 -
2,044
2012 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,974		 -
0		 -
1,974
2014 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,538		 -
0		 -
2,538
2016 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,867		 -
0		 -
2,867
2018 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,348		 -
0		 -
2,348
2021 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
4,032		 -
0		 -
4,032
COL TOTAL 35.8
4,325		 64.2
7,760		 -
15		 -
56,740		 -
6		 100.0
68,846
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.n
getaidever received welfare?
Text of this Question or Item 
195. Have you personally ever received income from Aid to 
Families with Dependent Children (AFDC), General Assistance, 
Supplemental Security Income, or Food Stamps?
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases		 getaid
1
yes		 2
no		 .i
 .n
 ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,613		 -
0		 -
1,613
1973 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,504		 -
0		 -
1,504
1974 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,484		 -
0		 -
1,484
1975 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,490		 -
0		 -
1,490
1976 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,499		 -
0		 -
1,499
1977 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,530		 -
0		 -
1,530
1978 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,532		 -
0		 -
1,532
1980 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,468		 -
0		 -
1,468
1982 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,860		 -
0		 -
1,860
1983 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,599		 -
0		 -
1,599
1984 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,473		 -
0		 -
1,473
1985 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,534		 -
0		 -
1,534
1986 19.2
281		 80.8
1,179		 -
0		 -
10		 100.0
1,470
1987 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,819		 -
0		 -
1,819
1988 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,481		 -
0		 -
1,481
1989 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,537		 -
0		 -
1,537
1990 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,372		 -
0		 -
1,372
1991 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,517		 -
0		 -
1,517
1993 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,606		 -
0		 -
1,606
1994 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,992		 -
0		 -
2,992
1996 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,904		 -
0		 -
2,904
1998 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,832		 -
0		 -
2,832
2000 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,817		 -
0		 -
2,817
2002 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,765		 -
0		 -
2,765
2004 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,812		 -
0		 -
2,812
2006 -
0		 -
0		 -
4,510		 -
0		 -
4,510
2008 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,023		 -
0		 -
2,023
2010 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,044		 -
0		 -
2,044
2012 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,974		 -
0		 -
1,974
2014 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,538		 -
0		 -
2,538
2016 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,867		 -
0		 -
2,867
2018 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,348		 -
0		 -
2,348
2021 -
0		 -
0		 -
4,032		 -
0		 -
4,032
COL TOTAL 19.2
281		 80.8
1,179		 -
67,376		 -
10		 100.0
68,846
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .i,.n
uniondoes r or spouse belong to union
Text of this Question or Item 
196. Do you (or your [SPOUSE]) belong to a lobor union? Who?
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases		 union
1
yes, respondent belongs		 2
yes, spouse belongs		 3
yes, both belong		 4
no, neither belong		 .d
 .i
 .n
 .s
 ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,613		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,613
1973 15.4
230		 9.9
148		 2.7
40		 72.0
1,077		 -
0		 -
0		 -
9		 -
0		 100.0
1,504
1974 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,484		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,484
1975 14.2
211		 9.8
145		 2.0
29		 74.1
1,099		 -
0		 -
0		 -
6		 -
0		 100.0
1,490
1976 15.3
227		 8.2
121		 1.8
27		 74.7
1,107		 -
1		 -
0		 -
16		 -
0		 100.0
1,499
1977 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,530		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,530
1978 13.8
211		 7.7
118		 1.7
26		 76.8
1,176		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1		 -
0		 100.0
1,532
1980 13.3
194		 7.0
103		 1.2
18		 78.5
1,147		 -
2		 -
0		 -
4		 -
0		 100.0
1,468
1982 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,860		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,860
1983 11.6
185		 7.0
111		 1.9
30		 79.6
1,270		 -
1		 -
0		 -
2		 -
0		 100.0
1,599
1984 13.5
197		 5.3
78		 2.0
29		 79.1
1,154		 -
1		 -
0		 -
14		 -
0		 100.0
1,473
1985 14.6
97		 3.8
25		 .6
4		 81.0
537		 -
0		 -
857		 -
14		 -
0		 100.0
1,534
1986 9.3
136		 6.3
92		 1.8
27		 82.6
1,210		 -
0		 -
0		 -
5		 -
0		 100.0
1,470
1987 13.7
247		 4.7
84		 2.3
42		 79.3
1,430		 -
0		 -
0		 -
16		 -
0		 100.0
1,819
1988 12.0
120		 5.3
53		 1.1
11		 81.5
812		 -
0		 -
484		 -
1		 -
0		 100.0
1,481
1989 12.9
133		 5.2
54		 1.5
15		 80.4
829		 -
1		 -
502		 -
3		 -
0		 100.0
1,537
1990 11.5
103		 4.6
41		 .8
7		 83.1
745		 -
0		 -
473		 -
3		 -
0		 100.0
1,372
1991 9.0
135		 5.7
85		 2.0
30		 83.4
1,254		 -
1		 -
0		 -
12		 -
0		 100.0
1,517
1993 9.7
155		 5.2
82		 .8
12		 84.3
1,342		 -
3		 -
0		 -
12		 -
0		 100.0
1,606
1994 11.3
225		 3.9
77		 1.6
31		 83.2
1,650		 -
0		 -
981		 -
28		 -
0		 100.0
2,992
1996 11.7
224		 4.5
86		 1.8
34		 82.0
1,566		 -
0		 -
979		 -
15		 -
0		 100.0
2,904
1998 10.0
189		 4.2
80		 2.5
48		 83.3
1,577		 -
2		 -
921		 -
15		 -
0		 100.0
2,832
2000 11.1
210		 4.1
77		 1.3
24		 83.5
1,577		 -
0		 -
921		 -
8		 -
0		 100.0
2,817
2002 10.6
194		 3.5
64		 1.6
29		 84.3
1,538		 -
5		 -
933		 -
2		 -
0		 100.0
2,765
2004 8.0
149		 3.4
64		 1.4
26		 87.1
1,618		 -
3		 -
952		 -
0		 -
0		 100.0
2,812
2006 9.4
330		 3.7
128		 1.3
46		 85.6
2,996		 -
3		 -
1,003		 -
4		 -
0		 100.0
4,510
2008 8.9
121		 4.1
55		 1.7
23		 85.3
1,159		 -
6		 -
658		 -
1		 -
0		 100.0
2,023
2010 7.3
100		 2.9
40		 .7
9		 89.1
1,221		 -
5		 -
667		 -
2		 -
0		 100.0
2,044
2012 7.6
101		 3.4
45		 .8
11		 88.2
1,179		 -
2		 -
636		 -
0		 -
0		 100.0
1,974
2014 8.0
134		 3.6
60		 1.4
24		 87.0
1,462		 -
7		 -
851		 -
0		 -
0		 100.0
2,538
2016 8.0
156		 3.4
66		 .7
14		 87.9
1,711		 -
5		 -
913		 -
2		 -
0		 100.0
2,867
2018 9.0
140		 2.3
35		 .9
14		 87.8
1,365		 -
7		 -
785		 -
2		 -
0		 100.0
2,348
2021 8.0
212		 3.3
88		 1.5
39		 87.2
2,313		 -
1		 -
1,371		 -
0		 -
8		 100.0
4,032
COL TOTAL 10.7
5,066		 4.9
2,305		 1.5
719		 82.9
39,121		 -
56		 -
21,374		 -
197		 -
8		 100.0
68,846
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.n,.s
getaheadopinion of how people get ahead
Text of this Question or Item 
197. Some people say that people get ahead by their own hard 
work; others say that lucky breaks or help from other people are 
more important. Which do you think is most important?
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases		 getahead
1
hard work most important		 2
hard work, luck equally important		 3
luck most important		 4
other		 .d
 .i
 .n
 .y
 ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,613		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,613
1973 65.1
973		 23.7
355		 10.0
150		 1.1
17		 -
7		 -
0		 -
2		 -
0		 100.0
1,504
1974 61.3
902		 28.8
423		 8.6
127		 1.3
19		 -
9		 -
0		 -
4		 -
0		 100.0
1,484
1975 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,490		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,490
1976 62.7
931		 24.0
357		 13.3
197		 .0
0		 -
11		 -
0		 -
3		 -
0		 100.0
1,499
1977 61.1
927		 28.4
430		 10.5
159		 .0
0		 -
10		 -
0		 -
4		 -
0		 100.0
1,530
1978 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,532		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,532
1980 63.8
927		 28.1
409		 8.1
118		 .0
0		 -
11		 -
0		 -
3		 -
0		 100.0
1,468
1982 58.5
1,067		 27.7
505		 13.9
253		 .0
0		 -
28		 -
0		 -
7		 -
0		 100.0
1,860
1983 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,599		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,599
1984 66.9
976		 18.1
264		 15.0
219		 .0
0		 -
7		 -
0		 -
7		 -
0		 100.0
1,473
1985 66.5
1,003		 19.0
286		 14.6
220		 .0
0		 -
22		 -
0		 -
3		 -
0		 100.0
1,534
1986 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,470		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,470
1987 65.6
1,180		 18.4
330		 16.0
288		 .0
0		 -
14		 -
0		 -
7		 -
0		 100.0
1,819
1988 67.0
651		 21.0
204		 11.9
116		 .0
0		 -
5		 -
504		 -
1		 -
0		 100.0
1,481
1989 66.2
676		 19.8
202		 14.0
143		 .0
0		 -
8		 -
504		 -
4		 -
0		 100.0
1,537
1990 65.7
598		 20.9
190		 13.4
122		 .0
0		 -
5		 -
455		 -
2		 -
0		 100.0
1,372
1991 66.5
651		 20.7
203		 12.8
125		 .0
0		 -
7		 -
524		 -
7		 -
0		 100.0
1,517
1993 65.8
703		 21.6
231		 12.5
134		 .0
0		 -
3		 -
531		 -
4		 -
0		 100.0
1,606
1994 69.7
1,375		 19.6
386		 10.8
213		 .0
0		 -
14		 -
996		 -
8		 -
0		 100.0
2,992
1996 70.3
1,333		 18.2
344		 11.5
218		 .0
0		 -
20		 -
981		 -
8		 -
0		 100.0
2,904
1998 67.1
1,247		 22.4
417		 10.5
195		 .0
0		 -
13		 -
950		 -
10		 -
0		 100.0
2,832
2000 65.0
1,194		 24.5
451		 10.5
193		 .0
0		 -
13		 -
956		 -
10		 -
0		 100.0
2,817
2002 63.0
578		 27.0
248		 10.0
92		 .0
0		 -
5		 -
1,841		 -
1		 -
0		 100.0
2,765
2004 65.2
582		 26.0
232		 8.8
79		 .0
0		 -
4		 -
1,914		 -
1		 -
0		 100.0
2,812
2006 68.5
1,868		 20.0
544		 11.5
314		 .0
0		 -
11		 -
1,771		 -
2		 -
0		 100.0
4,510
2008 66.0
886		 21.9
294		 12.1
162		 .0
0		 -
10		 -
671		 -
0		 -
0		 100.0
2,023
2010 69.7
884		 20.9
265		 9.5
120		 .0
0		 -
11		 -
763		 -
1		 -
0		 100.0
2,044
2012 69.9
910		 20.3
264		 9.8
128		 .0
0		 -
4		 -
666		 -
2		 -
0		 100.0
1,974
2014 69.9
1,188		 20.0
340		 10.1
172		 .0
0		 -
13		 -
824		 -
1		 -
0		 100.0
2,538
2016 70.9
1,330		 16.8
316		 12.3
230		 .0
0		 -
7		 -
980		 -
4		 -
0		 100.0
2,867
2018 72.3
1,127		 15.3
239		 12.4
193		 .0
0		 -
13		 -
774		 -
2		 -
0		 100.0
2,348
2021 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
4,032		 -
4,032
COL TOTAL 66.5
26,667		 21.8
8,729		 11.7
4,680		 .1
36		 -
285		 -
24,309		 -
108		 -
4,032		 100.0
68,846
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.n,.y
parsolr's living standard compared to parents
Text of this Question or Item 
198a. Compared to your parents when they were the age you are 
now, do you think your own standard of living now is much 
better, somewhat better, about the same, somewhat worse, or much 
worse than theirs was?
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases		 parsol
1
much better		 2
somewhat better		 3
about the same		 4
somewhat worse		 5
much worse		 .d
 .i
 .n
 .s
 ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,613		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,613
1973 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,504		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,504
1974 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,484		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,484
1975 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,490		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,490
1976 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,499		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,499
1977 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,530		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,530
1978 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,532		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,532
1980 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,468		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,468
1982 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,860		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,860
1983 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,599		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,599
1984 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,473		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,473
1985 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,534		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,534
1986 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,470		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,470
1987 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,819		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,819
1988 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,481		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,481
1989 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,537		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,537
1990 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,372		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,372
1991 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,517		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,517
1993 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,606		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,606
1994 31.3
460		 32.6
478		 21.3
313		 11.6
170		 3.2
47		 -
26		 -
1,492		 -
6		 -
0		 100.0
2,992
1996 32.8
619		 29.9
564		 21.3
401		 12.1
229		 3.9
74		 -
34		 -
979		 -
4		 -
0		 100.0
2,904
1998 33.3
626		 31.3
589		 21.7
408		 10.6
199		 3.0
57		 -
31		 -
921		 -
1		 -
0		 100.0
2,832
2000 34.8
646		 31.2
579		 21.3
396		 9.6
178		 3.1
57		 -
37		 -
921		 -
3		 -
0		 100.0
2,817
2002 33.7
303		 33.1
298		 19.5
175		 11.0
99		 2.7
24		 -
12		 -
1,853		 -
1		 -
0		 100.0
2,765
2004 38.0
329		 29.0
251		 20.0
173		 9.6
83		 3.5
30		 -
9		 -
1,936		 -
1		 -
0		 100.0
2,812
2006 34.2
671		 31.8
624		 21.4
421		 10.0
196		 2.6
52		 -
23		 -
2,521		 -
2		 -
0		 100.0
4,510
2008 31.1
417		 29.4
394		 21.7
290		 12.4
166		 5.4
72		 -
25		 -
658		 -
1		 -
0		 100.0
2,023
2010 28.6
389		 28.9
394		 25.1
341		 12.7
173		 4.7
64		 -
15		 -
667		 -
1		 -
0		 100.0
2,044
2012 31.6
413		 28.1
368		 22.6
296		 12.4
162		 5.3
69		 -
29		 -
636		 -
1		 -
0		 100.0
1,974
2014 30.4
505		 28.7
478		 24.4
406		 11.7
195		 4.8
79		 -
22		 -
851		 -
2		 -
0		 100.0
2,538
2016 29.7
573		 28.7
555		 24.1
466		 12.3
238		 5.2
100		 -
20		 -
912		 -
3		 -
0		 100.0
2,867
2018 32.2
495		 28.2
433		 23.6
362		 11.8
181		 4.2
65		 -
24		 -
785		 -
3		 -
0		 100.0
2,348
2021 24.7
656		 31.5
835		 26.5
703		 13.3
353		 4.0
106		 -
4		 -
1,360		 -
0		 -
15		 100.0
4,032
COL TOTAL 31.4
7,102		 30.3
6,840		 22.8
5,151		 11.6
2,622		 4.0
896		 -
311		 -
45,880		 -
29		 -
15		 100.0
68,846
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.n,.s
Go to Next Page of Codebook