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GSS 1972-2021 Cumulative Datafile


Police and Race

poltrtblkpolice treats whites better than blacks
Text of this Question or Item
The following questions are about police and law enforcement. In 
general, do the police (treat Whites better than Blacks, treat 
them both the same, or treat Blacks better than Whites/treat 
Blacks better than Whites, treat them both the same, or treat 
Whites better than Blacks)?
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases
poltrtblk
1
treat whites much better than blacks
2
treat whites moderately better than blacks
3
treat whites a little better than blacks
4
treat both the same
5
treat blacks a little better than whites
6
treat blacks moderately better than whites
7
treat blacks much better than whites
.d
.i
.n
.s
ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,613
-
0
-
0
-
1,613
1973 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,504
-
0
-
0
-
1,504
1974 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,484
-
0
-
0
-
1,484
1975 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,490
-
0
-
0
-
1,490
1976 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,499
-
0
-
0
-
1,499
1977 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,530
-
0
-
0
-
1,530
1978 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,532
-
0
-
0
-
1,532
1980 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,468
-
0
-
0
-
1,468
1982 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,860
-
0
-
0
-
1,860
1983 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,599
-
0
-
0
-
1,599
1984 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,473
-
0
-
0
-
1,473
1985 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,534
-
0
-
0
-
1,534
1986 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,470
-
0
-
0
-
1,470
1987 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,819
-
0
-
0
-
1,819
1988 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,481
-
0
-
0
-
1,481
1989 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,537
-
0
-
0
-
1,537
1990 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,372
-
0
-
0
-
1,372
1991 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,517
-
0
-
0
-
1,517
1993 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,606
-
0
-
0
-
1,606
1994 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,992
-
0
-
0
-
2,992
1996 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,904
-
0
-
0
-
2,904
1998 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,832
-
0
-
0
-
2,832
2000 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,817
-
0
-
0
-
2,817
2002 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,765
-
0
-
0
-
2,765
2004 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,812
-
0
-
0
-
2,812
2006 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
4,510
-
0
-
0
-
4,510
2008 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,023
-
0
-
0
-
2,023
2010 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,044
-
0
-
0
-
2,044
2012 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,974
-
0
-
0
-
1,974
2014 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,538
-
0
-
0
-
2,538
2016 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,867
-
0
-
0
-
2,867
2018 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,348
-
0
-
0
-
2,348
2021 39.3
914
19.4
452
7.2
167
32.9
765
.8
19
.2
5
.3
6
-
10
-
1,315
-
365
-
14
100.0
4,032
COL TOTAL 39.3
914
19.4
452
7.2
167
32.9
765
.8
19
.2
5
.3
6
-
10
-
66,129
-
365
-
14
100.0
68,846
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.n,.s
poltrtblkypolice treats blacks better than whites
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases
poltrtblky
1
treat whites better than blacks
2
treat both the same
3
treat blacks better than whites
.d
don’t know
.i
.n
refused
.s
skipped on web
ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,613
-
0
-
0
-
1,613
1973 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,504
-
0
-
0
-
1,504
1974 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,484
-
0
-
0
-
1,484
1975 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,490
-
0
-
0
-
1,490
1976 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,499
-
0
-
0
-
1,499
1977 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,530
-
0
-
0
-
1,530
1978 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,532
-
0
-
0
-
1,532
1980 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,468
-
0
-
0
-
1,468
1982 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,860
-
0
-
0
-
1,860
1983 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,599
-
0
-
0
-
1,599
1984 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,473
-
0
-
0
-
1,473
1985 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,534
-
0
-
0
-
1,534
1986 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,470
-
0
-
0
-
1,470
1987 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,819
-
0
-
0
-
1,819
1988 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,481
-
0
-
0
-
1,481
1989 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,537
-
0
-
0
-
1,537
1990 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,372
-
0
-
0
-
1,372
1991 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,517
-
0
-
0
-
1,517
1993 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,606
-
0
-
0
-
1,606
1994 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,992
-
0
-
0
-
2,992
1996 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,904
-
0
-
0
-
2,904
1998 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,832
-
0
-
0
-
2,832
2000 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,817
-
0
-
0
-
2,817
2002 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,765
-
0
-
0
-
2,765
2004 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,812
-
0
-
0
-
2,812
2006 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
4,510
-
0
-
0
-
4,510
2008 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,023
-
0
-
0
-
2,023
2010 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,044
-
0
-
0
-
2,044
2012 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,974
-
0
-
0
-
1,974
2014 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,538
-
0
-
0
-
2,538
2016 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,867
-
0
-
0
-
2,867
2018 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,348
-
0
-
0
-
2,348
2021 67.8
799
30.8
363
1.4
17
-
6
-
2,823
-
1
-
23
100.0
4,032
COL TOTAL 67.8
799
30.8
363
1.4
17
-
6
-
67,637
-
1
-
23
100.0
68,846
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.n,.s
poltrtb1how much better do police treats whites than blacks?
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases
poltrtb1
1
much better
2
moderately better
3
a little better
.i
.s
skipped on web
ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,613
-
0
-
1,613
1973 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,504
-
0
-
1,504
1974 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,484
-
0
-
1,484
1975 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,490
-
0
-
1,490
1976 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,499
-
0
-
1,499
1977 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,530
-
0
-
1,530
1978 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,532
-
0
-
1,532
1980 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,468
-
0
-
1,468
1982 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,860
-
0
-
1,860
1983 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,599
-
0
-
1,599
1984 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,473
-
0
-
1,473
1985 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,534
-
0
-
1,534
1986 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,470
-
0
-
1,470
1987 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,819
-
0
-
1,819
1988 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,481
-
0
-
1,481
1989 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,537
-
0
-
1,537
1990 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,372
-
0
-
1,372
1991 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,517
-
0
-
1,517
1993 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,606
-
0
-
1,606
1994 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,992
-
0
-
2,992
1996 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,904
-
0
-
2,904
1998 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,832
-
0
-
2,832
2000 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,817
-
0
-
2,817
2002 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,765
-
0
-
2,765
2004 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,812
-
0
-
2,812
2006 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
4,510
-
0
-
4,510
2008 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,023
-
0
-
2,023
2010 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,044
-
0
-
2,044
2012 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,974
-
0
-
1,974
2014 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,538
-
0
-
2,538
2016 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,867
-
0
-
2,867
2018 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,348
-
0
-
2,348
2021 60.8
445
29.5
216
9.7
71
-
3,298
-
2
100.0
4,032
COL TOTAL 60.8
445
29.5
216
9.7
71
-
68,112
-
2
100.0
68,846
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.n,.s
poltrtb1ypolice treats whites better
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases
poltrtb1y
1
much better
2
moderately better
3
a little better
.d
don’t know
.i
.s
skipped on web
ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,613
-
0
-
1,613
1973 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,504
-
0
-
1,504
1974 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,484
-
0
-
1,484
1975 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,490
-
0
-
1,490
1976 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,499
-
0
-
1,499
1977 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,530
-
0
-
1,530
1978 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,532
-
0
-
1,532
1980 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,468
-
0
-
1,468
1982 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,860
-
0
-
1,860
1983 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,599
-
0
-
1,599
1984 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,473
-
0
-
1,473
1985 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,534
-
0
-
1,534
1986 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,470
-
0
-
1,470
1987 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,819
-
0
-
1,819
1988 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,481
-
0
-
1,481
1989 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,537
-
0
-
1,537
1990 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,372
-
0
-
1,372
1991 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,517
-
0
-
1,517
1993 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,606
-
0
-
1,606
1994 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,992
-
0
-
2,992
1996 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,904
-
0
-
2,904
1998 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,832
-
0
-
2,832
2000 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,817
-
0
-
2,817
2002 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,765
-
0
-
2,765
2004 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,812
-
0
-
2,812
2006 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
4,510
-
0
-
4,510
2008 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,023
-
0
-
2,023
2010 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,044
-
0
-
2,044
2012 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,974
-
0
-
1,974
2014 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,538
-
0
-
2,538
2016 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,867
-
0
-
2,867
2018 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,348
-
0
-
2,348
2021 58.7
469
29.3
234
12.0
96
-
1
-
3,230
-
2
100.0
4,032
COL TOTAL 58.7
469
29.3
234
12.0
96
-
1
-
68,044
-
2
100.0
68,846
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.n,.s
poltrtb2how much better do police treats blacks than whites?
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases
poltrtb2
1
much better
2
moderately better
3
a little better
.i
ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,613
-
1,613
1973 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,504
-
1,504
1974 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,484
-
1,484
1975 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,490
-
1,490
1976 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,499
-
1,499
1977 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,530
-
1,530
1978 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,532
-
1,532
1980 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,468
-
1,468
1982 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,860
-
1,860
1983 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,599
-
1,599
1984 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,473
-
1,473
1985 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,534
-
1,534
1986 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,470
-
1,470
1987 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,819
-
1,819
1988 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,481
-
1,481
1989 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,537
-
1,537
1990 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,372
-
1,372
1991 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,517
-
1,517
1993 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,606
-
1,606
1994 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,992
-
2,992
1996 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,904
-
2,904
1998 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,832
-
2,832
2000 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,817
-
2,817
2002 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,765
-
2,765
2004 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,812
-
2,812
2006 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
4,510
-
4,510
2008 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,023
-
2,023
2010 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,044
-
2,044
2012 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,974
-
1,974
2014 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,538
-
2,538
2016 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,867
-
2,867
2018 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,348
-
2,348
2021 17.6
3
29.4
5
52.9
9
-
4,015
100.0
4,032
COL TOTAL 17.6
3
29.4
5
52.9
9
-
68,829
100.0
68,846
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.n,.s
poltrtb2ypolice treats blacks better
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases
poltrtb2y
1
much better
2
moderately better
3
a little better
.i
ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,613
-
1,613
1973 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,504
-
1,504
1974 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,484
-
1,484
1975 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,490
-
1,490
1976 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,499
-
1,499
1977 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,530
-
1,530
1978 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,532
-
1,532
1980 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,468
-
1,468
1982 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,860
-
1,860
1983 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,599
-
1,599
1984 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,473
-
1,473
1985 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,534
-
1,534
1986 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,470
-
1,470
1987 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,819
-
1,819
1988 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,481
-
1,481
1989 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,537
-
1,537
1990 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,372
-
1,372
1991 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,517
-
1,517
1993 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,606
-
1,606
1994 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,992
-
2,992
1996 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,904
-
2,904
1998 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,832
-
2,832
2000 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,817
-
2,817
2002 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,765
-
2,765
2004 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,812
-
2,812
2006 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
4,510
-
4,510
2008 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,023
-
2,023
2010 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,044
-
2,044
2012 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,974
-
1,974
2014 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,538
-
2,538
2016 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,867
-
2,867
2018 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,348
-
2,348
2021 16.7
3
22.2
4
61.1
11
-
4,014
100.0
4,032
COL TOTAL 16.7
3
22.2
4
61.1
11
-
68,828
100.0
68,846
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.n,.s
poltrthsppolice treats whites better than latinos or latinos better than whites
Text of this Question or Item
In general, do the police (treat Whites better than Latinos, 
treat them both the same, or treat Latinos better than 
Whites/treat Latinos better than Whites, treat them both the 
same, or treat Whites better than Latinos)? Latinos better than 
Whites?
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases
poltrthsp
1
treat whites much better than latinos
2
treat whites moderately better than latinos
3
treat whites a little better than latinos
4
treat both the same
5
treat latinos a little better than whites
6
treat latinos moderately better than whites
7
treat latinos much better than whites
.d
.i
.n
.s
ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,613
-
0
-
0
-
1,613
1973 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,504
-
0
-
0
-
1,504
1974 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,484
-
0
-
0
-
1,484
1975 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,490
-
0
-
0
-
1,490
1976 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,499
-
0
-
0
-
1,499
1977 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,530
-
0
-
0
-
1,530
1978 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,532
-
0
-
0
-
1,532
1980 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,468
-
0
-
0
-
1,468
1982 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,860
-
0
-
0
-
1,860
1983 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,599
-
0
-
0
-
1,599
1984 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,473
-
0
-
0
-
1,473
1985 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,534
-
0
-
0
-
1,534
1986 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,470
-
0
-
0
-
1,470
1987 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,819
-
0
-
0
-
1,819
1988 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,481
-
0
-
0
-
1,481
1989 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,537
-
0
-
0
-
1,537
1990 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,372
-
0
-
0
-
1,372
1991 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,517
-
0
-
0
-
1,517
1993 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,606
-
0
-
0
-
1,606
1994 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,992
-
0
-
0
-
2,992
1996 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,904
-
0
-
0
-
2,904
1998 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,832
-
0
-
0
-
2,832
2000 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,817
-
0
-
0
-
2,817
2002 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,765
-
0
-
0
-
2,765
2004 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,812
-
0
-
0
-
2,812
2006 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
4,510
-
0
-
0
-
4,510
2008 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,023
-
0
-
0
-
2,023
2010 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,044
-
0
-
0
-
2,044
2012 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,974
-
0
-
0
-
1,974
2014 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,538
-
0
-
0
-
2,538
2016 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,867
-
0
-
0
-
2,867
2018 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,348
-
0
-
0
-
2,348
2021 32.9
761
22.0
509
7.5
174
37.0
856
.1
3
.3
6
.3
6
-
12
-
1,315
-
373
-
17
100.0
4,032
COL TOTAL 32.9
761
22.0
509
7.5
174
37.0
856
.1
3
.3
6
.3
6
-
12
-
66,129
-
373
-
17
100.0
68,846
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.n,.s
poltrthspypolice treats latinos better than whites or whites better than latinos
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases
poltrthspy
1
treat whites better than latinos
2
treat both the same
3
treat latinos better than whites
.d
don’t know
.i
.n
refused
.s
skipped on web
ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,613
-
0
-
0
-
1,613
1973 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,504
-
0
-
0
-
1,504
1974 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,484
-
0
-
0
-
1,484
1975 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,490
-
0
-
0
-
1,490
1976 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,499
-
0
-
0
-
1,499
1977 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,530
-
0
-
0
-
1,530
1978 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,532
-
0
-
0
-
1,532
1980 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,468
-
0
-
0
-
1,468
1982 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,860
-
0
-
0
-
1,860
1983 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,599
-
0
-
0
-
1,599
1984 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,473
-
0
-
0
-
1,473
1985 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,534
-
0
-
0
-
1,534
1986 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,470
-
0
-
0
-
1,470
1987 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,819
-
0
-
0
-
1,819
1988 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,481
-
0
-
0
-
1,481
1989 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,537
-
0
-
0
-
1,537
1990 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,372
-
0
-
0
-
1,372
1991 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,517
-
0
-
0
-
1,517
1993 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,606
-
0
-
0
-
1,606
1994 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,992
-
0
-
0
-
2,992
1996 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,904
-
0
-
0
-
2,904
1998 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,832
-
0
-
0
-
2,832
2000 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,817
-
0
-
0
-
2,817
2002 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,765
-
0
-
0
-
2,765
2004 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,812
-
0
-
0
-
2,812
2006 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
4,510
-
0
-
0
-
4,510
2008 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,023
-
0
-
0
-
2,023
2010 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,044
-
0
-
0
-
2,044
2012 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,974
-
0
-
0
-
1,974
2014 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,538
-
0
-
0
-
2,538
2016 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,867
-
0
-
0
-
2,867
2018 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,348
-
0
-
0
-
2,348
2021 63.1
737
36.3
424
.6
7
-
9
-
2,823
-
2
-
30
100.0
4,032
COL TOTAL 63.1
737
36.3
424
.6
7
-
9
-
67,637
-
2
-
30
100.0
68,846
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.n,.s
poltrtb3how much better do police treats whites than latinos?
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases
poltrtb3
1
much better
2
moderately better
3
a little better
.i
.s
skipped on web
ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,613
-
0
-
1,613
1973 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,504
-
0
-
1,504
1974 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,484
-
0
-
1,484
1975 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,490
-
0
-
1,490
1976 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,499
-
0
-
1,499
1977 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,530
-
0
-
1,530
1978 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,532
-
0
-
1,532
1980 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,468
-
0
-
1,468
1982 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,860
-
0
-
1,860
1983 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,599
-
0
-
1,599
1984 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,473
-
0
-
1,473
1985 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,534
-
0
-
1,534
1986 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,470
-
0
-
1,470
1987 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,819
-
0
-
1,819
1988 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,481
-
0
-
1,481
1989 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,537
-
0
-
1,537
1990 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,372
-
0
-
1,372
1991 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,517
-
0
-
1,517
1993 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,606
-
0
-
1,606
1994 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,992
-
0
-
2,992
1996 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,904
-
0
-
2,904
1998 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,832
-
0
-
2,832
2000 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,817
-
0
-
2,817
2002 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,765
-
0
-
2,765
2004 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,812
-
0
-
2,812
2006 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
4,510
-
0
-
4,510
2008 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,023
-
0
-
2,023
2010 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,044
-
0
-
2,044
2012 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,974
-
0
-
1,974
2014 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,538
-
0
-
2,538
2016 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,867
-
0
-
2,867
2018 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,348
-
0
-
2,348
2021 54.4
384
34.4
243
11.2
79
-
3,325
-
1
100.0
4,032
COL TOTAL 54.4
384
34.4
243
11.2
79
-
68,139
-
1
100.0
68,846
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.n,.s
poltrtb3ypolice treats whites better
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases
poltrtb3y
1
much better
2
moderately better
3
a little better
.d
don’t know
.i
.s
skipped on web
ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,613
-
0
-
1,613
1973 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,504
-
0
-
1,504
1974 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,484
-
0
-
1,484
1975 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,490
-
0
-
1,490
1976 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,499
-
0
-
1,499
1977 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,530
-
0
-
1,530
1978 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,532
-
0
-
1,532
1980 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,468
-
0
-
1,468
1982 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,860
-
0
-
1,860
1983 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,599
-
0
-
1,599
1984 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,473
-
0
-
1,473
1985 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,534
-
0
-
1,534
1986 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,470
-
0
-
1,470
1987 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,819
-
0
-
1,819
1988 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,481
-
0
-
1,481
1989 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,537
-
0
-
1,537
1990 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,372
-
0
-
1,372
1991 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,517
-
0
-
1,517
1993 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,606
-
0
-
1,606
1994 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,992
-
0
-
2,992
1996 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,904
-
0
-
2,904
1998 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,832
-
0
-
2,832
2000 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,817
-
0
-
2,817
2002 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,765
-
0
-
2,765
2004 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,812
-
0
-
2,812
2006 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
4,510
-
0
-
4,510
2008 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,023
-
0
-
2,023
2010 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,044
-
0
-
2,044
2012 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,974
-
0
-
1,974
2014 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,538
-
0
-
2,538
2016 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,867
-
0
-
2,867
2018 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,348
-
0
-
2,348
2021 51.4
377
35.7
262
12.9
95
-
1
-
3,295
-
2
100.0
4,032
COL TOTAL 51.4
377
35.7
262
12.9
95
-
1
-
68,109
-
2
100.0
68,846
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.n,.s
poltrtb4how much better do police treats latinos than whites?
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases
poltrtb4
1
much better
2
moderately better
.i
ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 -
0
-
0
-
1,613
-
1,613
1973 -
0
-
0
-
1,504
-
1,504
1974 -
0
-
0
-
1,484
-
1,484
1975 -
0
-
0
-
1,490
-
1,490
1976 -
0
-
0
-
1,499
-
1,499
1977 -
0
-
0
-
1,530
-
1,530
1978 -
0
-
0
-
1,532
-
1,532
1980 -
0
-
0
-
1,468
-
1,468
1982 -
0
-
0
-
1,860
-
1,860
1983 -
0
-
0
-
1,599
-
1,599
1984 -
0
-
0
-
1,473
-
1,473
1985 -
0
-
0
-
1,534
-
1,534
1986 -
0
-
0
-
1,470
-
1,470
1987 -
0
-
0
-
1,819
-
1,819
1988 -
0
-
0
-
1,481
-
1,481
1989 -
0
-
0
-
1,537
-
1,537
1990 -
0
-
0
-
1,372
-
1,372
1991 -
0
-
0
-
1,517
-
1,517
1993 -
0
-
0
-
1,606
-
1,606
1994 -
0
-
0
-
2,992
-
2,992
1996 -
0
-
0
-
2,904
-
2,904
1998 -
0
-
0
-
2,832
-
2,832
2000 -
0
-
0
-
2,817
-
2,817
2002 -
0
-
0
-
2,765
-
2,765
2004 -
0
-
0
-
2,812
-
2,812
2006 -
0
-
0
-
4,510
-
4,510
2008 -
0
-
0
-
2,023
-
2,023
2010 -
0
-
0
-
2,044
-
2,044
2012 -
0
-
0
-
1,974
-
1,974
2014 -
0
-
0
-
2,538
-
2,538
2016 -
0
-
0
-
2,867
-
2,867
2018 -
0
-
0
-
2,348
-
2,348
2021 62.5
5
37.5
3
-
4,024
100.0
4,032
COL TOTAL 62.5
5
37.5
3
-
68,838
100.0
68,846
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.n,.s
poltrtb4ypolice treats latinos better
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases
poltrtb4y
1
much better
2
moderately better
3
a little better
.d
don’t know
.i
ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,613
-
1,613
1973 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,504
-
1,504
1974 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,484
-
1,484
1975 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,490
-
1,490
1976 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,499
-
1,499
1977 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,530
-
1,530
1978 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,532
-
1,532
1980 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,468
-
1,468
1982 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,860
-
1,860
1983 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,599
-
1,599
1984 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,473
-
1,473
1985 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,534
-
1,534
1986 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,470
-
1,470
1987 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,819
-
1,819
1988 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,481
-
1,481
1989 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,537
-
1,537
1990 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,372
-
1,372
1991 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,517
-
1,517
1993 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,606
-
1,606
1994 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,992
-
2,992
1996 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,904
-
2,904
1998 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,832
-
2,832
2000 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,817
-
2,817
2002 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,765
-
2,765
2004 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,812
-
2,812
2006 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
4,510
-
4,510
2008 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,023
-
2,023
2010 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,044
-
2,044
2012 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,974
-
1,974
2014 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,538
-
2,538
2016 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,867
-
2,867
2018 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,348
-
2,348
2021 16.7
1
33.3
2
50.0
3
-
1
-
4,025
100.0
4,032
COL TOTAL 16.7
1
33.3
2
50.0
3
-
1
-
68,839
100.0
68,846
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.n,.s
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