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GSS 1972-2021 Cumulative Datafile - Release 3b


inequal5pay differences -> american prosperity
Text of this Question or Item
1253. Do you agree or disagree: e. Large differences in income 
are necessary for America's prosperity.
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases
inequal5
1
strongly agree
2
agree
3
neither
4
disagree
5
strongly disagree
.d
can't choose
.i
iap
.n
no answer
.s
skipped on web
ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,613
-
0
-
0
-
1,613
1973 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,504
-
0
-
0
-
1,504
1974 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,484
-
0
-
0
-
1,484
1975 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,490
-
0
-
0
-
1,490
1976 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,499
-
0
-
0
-
1,499
1977 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,530
-
0
-
0
-
1,530
1978 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,532
-
0
-
0
-
1,532
1980 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,468
-
0
-
0
-
1,468
1982 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,860
-
0
-
0
-
1,860
1983 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,599
-
0
-
0
-
1,599
1984 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,473
-
0
-
0
-
1,473
1985 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,534
-
0
-
0
-
1,534
1986 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,470
-
0
-
0
-
1,470
1987 7.0
102
27.0
394
28.7
419
31.4
458
5.8
85
-
66
-
255
-
40
-
0
100.0
1,819
1988 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,481
-
0
-
0
-
1,481
1989 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,537
-
0
-
0
-
1,537
1990 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,372
-
0
-
0
-
1,372
1991 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,517
-
0
-
0
-
1,517
1993 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,606
-
0
-
0
-
1,606
1994 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,992
-
0
-
0
-
2,992
1996 8.3
114
20.9
287
12.9
177
31.6
434
26.3
361
-
64
-
1,460
-
7
-
0
100.0
2,904
1998 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,832
-
0
-
0
-
2,832
2000 4.9
57
22.4
260
29.9
347
34.0
394
8.7
101
-
38
-
1,545
-
75
-
0
100.0
2,817
2002 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,765
-
0
-
0
-
2,765
2004 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,812
-
0
-
0
-
2,812
2006 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
4,510
-
0
-
0
-
4,510
2008 2.8
28
21.5
216
17.6
177
44.8
450
13.3
134
-
29
-
982
-
7
-
0
100.0
2,023
2010 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,044
-
0
-
0
-
2,044
2012 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,974
-
0
-
0
-
1,974
2014 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,538
-
0
-
0
-
2,538
2016 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,867
-
0
-
0
-
2,867
2018 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,348
-
0
-
0
-
2,348
2021 2.1
35
9.6
161
26.8
451
39.4
664
22.1
373
-
75
-
2,252
-
3
-
18
100.0
4,032
COL TOTAL 5.0
336
19.7
1,318
23.5
1,571
35.9
2,400
15.8
1,054
-
272
-
61,745
-
132
-
18
100.0
68,846
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.q,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
inequal6everyone benefits from business profits
Text of this Question or Item
1253. Do you agree or disagree: f. Allowing business to make 
good profits is the best way to improve everyone's standard of 
living.
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases
inequal6
1
strongly agree
2
agree
3
neither
4
disagree
5
strongly disagree
.d
can't choose
.i
iap
.n
no answer
.s
skipped on web
ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,613
-
0
-
0
-
1,613
1973 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,504
-
0
-
0
-
1,504
1974 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,484
-
0
-
0
-
1,484
1975 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,490
-
0
-
0
-
1,490
1976 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,499
-
0
-
0
-
1,499
1977 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,530
-
0
-
0
-
1,530
1978 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,532
-
0
-
0
-
1,532
1980 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,468
-
0
-
0
-
1,468
1982 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,860
-
0
-
0
-
1,860
1983 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,599
-
0
-
0
-
1,599
1984 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,473
-
0
-
0
-
1,473
1985 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,534
-
0
-
0
-
1,534
1986 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,470
-
0
-
0
-
1,470
1987 10.6
156
37.5
554
23.4
345
24.3
359
4.3
63
-
57
-
255
-
30
-
0
100.0
1,819
1988 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,481
-
0
-
0
-
1,481
1989 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,537
-
0
-
0
-
1,537
1990 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,372
-
0
-
0
-
1,372
1991 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,517
-
0
-
0
-
1,517
1993 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,606
-
0
-
0
-
1,606
1994 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,992
-
0
-
0
-
2,992
1996 19.0
263
36.7
508
11.9
165
21.7
300
10.6
147
-
54
-
1,460
-
7
-
0
100.0
2,904
1998 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,832
-
0
-
0
-
2,832
2000 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,817
-
0
-
0
-
2,817
2002 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,765
-
0
-
0
-
2,765
2004 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,812
-
0
-
0
-
2,812
2006 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
4,510
-
0
-
0
-
4,510
2008 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,023
-
0
-
0
-
2,023
2010 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,044
-
0
-
0
-
2,044
2012 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,974
-
0
-
0
-
1,974
2014 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,538
-
0
-
0
-
2,538
2016 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,867
-
0
-
0
-
2,867
2018 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,348
-
0
-
0
-
2,348
2021 10.9
184
37.1
627
32.8
555
14.6
246
4.6
78
-
69
-
2,245
-
3
-
25
100.0
4,032
COL TOTAL 13.3
603
37.1
1,689
23.4
1,065
19.9
905
6.3
288
-
180
-
64,051
-
40
-
25
100.0
68,846
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.q,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
inequal7inequality due to lack of solidarity
Text of this Question or Item
1253. Do you agree or disagree: g. Inequality continues to exist 
because ordinary people don't join together to get rid of it.
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases
inequal7
1
strongly agree
2
agree
3
neither
4
disagree
5
strongly disagree
.d
can't choose
.i
iap
.n
no answer
ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,613
-
0
-
1,613
1973 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,504
-
0
-
1,504
1974 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,484
-
0
-
1,484
1975 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,490
-
0
-
1,490
1976 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,499
-
0
-
1,499
1977 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,530
-
0
-
1,530
1978 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,532
-
0
-
1,532
1980 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,468
-
0
-
1,468
1982 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,860
-
0
-
1,860
1983 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,599
-
0
-
1,599
1984 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,473
-
0
-
1,473
1985 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,534
-
0
-
1,534
1986 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,470
-
0
-
1,470
1987 11.0
159
36.8
534
25.8
375
22.6
328
3.9
56
-
79
-
255
-
33
100.0
1,819
1988 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,481
-
0
-
1,481
1989 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,537
-
0
-
1,537
1990 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,372
-
0
-
1,372
1991 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,517
-
0
-
1,517
1993 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,606
-
0
-
1,606
1994 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,992
-
0
-
2,992
1996 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,904
-
0
-
2,904
1998 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,832
-
0
-
2,832
2000 11.0
125
36.0
410
28.0
319
18.7
213
6.4
73
-
51
-
1,545
-
81
100.0
2,817
2002 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,765
-
0
-
2,765
2004 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,812
-
0
-
2,812
2006 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
4,510
-
0
-
4,510
2008 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,023
-
0
-
2,023
2010 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,044
-
0
-
2,044
2012 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1,974
-
0
-
1,974
2014 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,538
-
0
-
2,538
2016 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,867
-
0
-
2,867
2018 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
2,348
-
0
-
2,348
2021 -
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
4,032
-
0
-
4,032
COL TOTAL 11.0
284
36.4
944
26.8
694
20.9
541
5.0
129
-
130
-
66,010
-
114
100.0
68,846
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.q,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z

Guessing Job Pay

paymasonhow much r thinks bricklayer makes
Text of this Question or Item
1254. We would like to know what you think people in these jobs 
actually earn. Please write in how much you think they usually 
earn, each year, before taxes. Many people are not exactly sure 
about this but your best guess will be close enough. This may be 
difficult, but it is very important. So please try. Please write 
in how much they actually earn each year: a. Bricklayer
Total Cases: 68,846 (Range of valid codes: 1,000-1,000,000)
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.q,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
paydochow much r thinks doctor makes
Text of this Question or Item
1254. We would like to know what you think people in these jobs 
actually earn. Please write in how much you think they usually 
earn, each year, before taxes. Many people are not exactly sure 
about this but your best guess will be close enough. This may be 
difficult, but it is very important. So please try. Please write 
in how much they actually earn each year: b. Doctor in general 
practice
Total Cases: 68,846 (Range of valid codes: 0-50,000,000)
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.q,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
payclerkhow much r thinks bank clerk makes
Text of this Question or Item
1254. We would like to know what you think people in these jobs 
actually earn. Please write in how much you think they usually 
earn, each year, before taxes. Many people are not exactly sure 
about this but your best guess will be close enough. This may be 
difficult, but it is very important. So please try. Please write 
in how much they actually earn each year: c. Bank clerk
Total Cases: 68,846 (Range of valid codes: 0-50,000,000)
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.q,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
payownerhow much r thinks shop owner makes
Text of this Question or Item
1254. We would like to know what you think people in these jobs 
actually earn. Please write in how much you think they usually 
earn, each year, before taxes. Many people are not exactly sure 
about this but your best guess will be close enough. This may be 
difficult, but it is very important. So please try. Please write 
in how much they actually earn each year: d. Owner of a small 
shop
Total Cases: 68,846 (Range of valid codes: 1,000-250,000)
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.q,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
payexechow much r thinks corporate head makes
Text of this Question or Item
1254. We would like to know what you think people in these jobs 
actually earn. Please write in how much you think they usually 
earn, each year, before taxes. Many people are not exactly sure 
about this but your best guess will be close enough. This may be 
difficult, but it is very important. So please try. Please write 
in how much they actually earn each year: e. Chairman of a large 
national corporation
Total Cases: 68,846 (Range of valid codes: 0-99,000,000)
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.q,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
payskillhow much r thinks skilled worker makes
Text of this Question or Item
1254. We would like to know what you think people in these jobs 
actually earn. Please write in how much you think they usually 
earn, each year, before taxes. Many people are not exactly sure 
about this but your best guess will be close enough. This may be 
difficult, but it is very important. So please try. Please write 
in how much they actually earn each year: f. Skilled worker in a 
factory
Total Cases: 68,846 (Range of valid codes: 1,000-1,000,000)
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.q,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
payfarmhow much r thinks farm worker makes
Text of this Question or Item
1254. We would like to know what you think people in these jobs 
actually earn. Please write in how much you think they usually 
earn, each year, before taxes. Many people are not exactly sure 
about this but your best guess will be close enough. This may be 
difficult, but it is very important. So please try. Please write 
in how much they actually earn each year: g. A farm laborer
Total Cases: 68,846 (Range of valid codes: 0-900,000)
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.q,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
paysechow much r thinks secretary makes
Text of this Question or Item
1254. We would like to know what you think people in these jobs 
actually earn. Please write in how much you think they usually 
earn, each year, before taxes. Many people are not exactly sure 
about this but your best guess will be close enough. This may be 
difficult, but it is very important. So please try. Please write 
in how much they actually earn each year: h. Secretary
Total Cases: 68,846 (Range of valid codes: 1,000-1,000,000)
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.q,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
paybushow much r thinks bus driver makes
Text of this Question or Item
1254. We would like to know what you think people in these jobs 
actually earn. Please write in how much you think they usually 
earn, each year, before taxes. Many people are not exactly sure 
about this but your best guess will be close enough. This may be 
difficult, but it is very important. So please try. Please write 
in how much they actually earn each year: i. City bus driver
Total Cases: 68,846 (Range of valid codes: 1,800-1,000,000)
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.q,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
payunsklhow much r thinks unskilled wrkr makes
Text of this Question or Item
1254. We would like to know what you think people in these jobs 
actually earn. Please write in how much you think they usually 
earn, each year, before taxes. Many people are not exactly sure 
about this but your best guess will be close enough. This may be 
difficult, but it is very important. So please try. Please write 
in how much they actually earn each year: j. Unskilled worker in 
a factory
Total Cases: 68,846 (Range of valid codes: 0-3,500,000)
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.q,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
paycabnthow much r thinks cabinet member makes
Text of this Question or Item
1254. We would like to know what you think people in these jobs 
actually earn. Please write in how much you think they usually 
earn, each year, before taxes. Many people are not exactly sure 
about this but your best guess will be close enough. This may be 
difficult, but it is very important. So please try. Please write 
in how much they actually earn each year: k. A member of the 
cabinet in the federal government
Total Cases: 68,846 (Range of valid codes: 0-50,000,000)
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.q,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
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