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GSS 1972-2021 Cumulative Datafile - Release 3b

govmincgovmnt should provide minimum income

Text of this Question or Item

1256. Do you agree or disagree: g. The government should provide 
everyone with a guaranteed basic income.

Cells contain: -Valid row pct. -N of cases		govminc
Cells contain: -Valid row pct. -N of cases		1 strongly agree	2 agree	3 neither	4 disagree	5 strongly disagree	.d can't choose	.i iap	.n no answer	ROW TOTAL
year	1972	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,613	- 0	- 1,613
	1973	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,504	- 0	- 1,504
	1974	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,484	- 0	- 1,484
	1975	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,490	- 0	- 1,490
	1976	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,499	- 0	- 1,499
	1977	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,530	- 0	- 1,530
	1978	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,532	- 0	- 1,532
	1980	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,468	- 0	- 1,468
	1982	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,860	- 0	- 1,860
	1983	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,599	- 0	- 1,599
	1984	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,473	- 0	- 1,473
	1985	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,534	- 0	- 1,534
	1986	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,470	- 0	- 1,470
	1987	7.2 107	18.1 268	21.3 316	37.9 562	15.5 230	- 54	- 255	- 27	100.0 1,819
	1988	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,481	- 0	- 1,481
	1989	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,537	- 0	- 1,537
	1990	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,372	- 0	- 1,372
	1991	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,517	- 0	- 1,517
	1993	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,606	- 0	- 1,606
	1994	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,992	- 0	- 2,992
	1996	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,904	- 0	- 2,904
	1998	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,832	- 0	- 2,832
	2000	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,817	- 0	- 2,817
	2002	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,765	- 0	- 2,765
	2004	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,812	- 0	- 2,812
	2006	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 4,510	- 0	- 4,510
	2008	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,023	- 0	- 2,023
	2010	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,044	- 0	- 2,044
	2012	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,974	- 0	- 1,974
	2014	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,538	- 0	- 2,538
	2016	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,867	- 0	- 2,867
	2018	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,348	- 0	- 2,348
	2021	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 4,032	- 0	- 4,032
	COL TOTAL	7.2 107	18.1 268	21.3 316	37.9 562	15.5 230	- 54	- 67,282	- 27	100.0 68,846

Properties
Data type:	numeric
Missing-data codes:	.d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.q,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z

Class Tax Levels

taxrichtaxes on high income people too high

Text of this Question or Item

1257. Generally, how would you describe taxes in America 
today... We mean all taxes together, including social security, 
income tax, sales tax, and all the rest. a. For those with high 
incomes, are taxes...

Cells contain: -Valid row pct. -N of cases		taxrich
Cells contain: -Valid row pct. -N of cases		1 much too high	2 too high	3 about right	4 too low	5 much too low	.d can't choose	.i iap	.n no answer	.s skipped on web	ROW TOTAL
year	1972	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,613	- 0	- 0	- 1,613
	1973	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,504	- 0	- 0	- 1,504
	1974	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,484	- 0	- 0	- 1,484
	1975	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,490	- 0	- 0	- 1,490
	1976	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,499	- 0	- 0	- 1,499
	1977	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,530	- 0	- 0	- 1,530
	1978	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,532	- 0	- 0	- 1,532
	1980	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,468	- 0	- 0	- 1,468
	1982	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,860	- 0	- 0	- 1,860
	1983	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,599	- 0	- 0	- 1,599
	1984	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,473	- 0	- 0	- 1,473
	1985	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,534	- 0	- 0	- 1,534
	1986	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,470	- 0	- 0	- 1,470
	1987	7.9 114	12.0 173	22.2 319	38.8 558	19.1 275	- 99	- 255	- 26	- 0	100.0 1,819
	1988	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,481	- 0	- 0	- 1,481
	1989	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,537	- 0	- 0	- 1,537
	1990	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,372	- 0	- 0	- 1,372
	1991	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,517	- 0	- 0	- 1,517
	1993	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,606	- 0	- 0	- 1,606
	1994	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,992	- 0	- 0	- 2,992
	1996	11.5 140	25.5 310	24.3 296	29.6 360	9.2 112	- 87	- 1,572	- 27	- 0	100.0 2,904
	1998	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,832	- 0	- 0	- 2,832
	2000	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,817	- 0	- 0	- 2,817
	2002	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,765	- 0	- 0	- 2,765
	2004	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,812	- 0	- 0	- 2,812
	2006	4.9 70	11.3 160	27.0 383	36.7 519	20.1 284	- 100	- 2,992	- 2	- 0	100.0 4,510
	2008	17.0 170	21.4 214	24.5 245	26.6 265	10.4 104	- 39	- 982	- 4	- 0	100.0 2,023
	2010	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,044	- 0	- 0	- 2,044
	2012	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,974	- 0	- 0	- 1,974
	2014	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,538	- 0	- 0	- 2,538
	2016	7.8 104	15.7 210	24.4 326	36.1 482	15.9 212	- 40	- 1,477	- 16	- 0	100.0 2,867
	2018	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,348	- 0	- 0	- 2,348
	2021	5.8 98	14.1 240	19.3 329	36.0 614	24.8 423	- 143	- 2,029	- 144	- 12	100.0 4,032
	COL TOTAL	8.6 696	16.1 1,307	23.4 1,898	34.5 2,798	17.4 1,410	- 508	- 59,998	- 219	- 12	100.0 68,846

Properties
Data type:	numeric
Missing-data codes:	.d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.q,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z

taxmidtaxes on middle income people too high

Text of this Question or Item

1257. Generally, how would you describe taxes in America 
today... We mean all taxes together, including social security, 
income tax, sales tax, and all the rest. b. For those with 
middle incomes, are taxes...

Cells contain: -Valid row pct. -N of cases		taxmid
Cells contain: -Valid row pct. -N of cases		1 much too high	2 too high	3 about right	4 too low	5 much too low	.d can't choose	.i iap	.n no answer	ROW TOTAL
year	1972	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,613	- 0	- 1,613
	1973	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,504	- 0	- 1,504
	1974	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,484	- 0	- 1,484
	1975	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,490	- 0	- 1,490
	1976	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,499	- 0	- 1,499
	1977	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,530	- 0	- 1,530
	1978	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,532	- 0	- 1,532
	1980	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,468	- 0	- 1,468
	1982	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,860	- 0	- 1,860
	1983	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,599	- 0	- 1,599
	1984	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,473	- 0	- 1,473
	1985	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,534	- 0	- 1,534
	1986	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,470	- 0	- 1,470
	1987	17.0 251	52.7 777	27.7 408	2.4 35	.3 4	- 66	- 255	- 23	100.0 1,819
	1988	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,481	- 0	- 1,481
	1989	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,537	- 0	- 1,537
	1990	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,372	- 0	- 1,372
	1991	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,517	- 0	- 1,517
	1993	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,606	- 0	- 1,606
	1994	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,992	- 0	- 2,992
	1996	16.7 208	49.4 615	31.6 394	2.2 27	.2 2	- 54	- 1,572	- 32	100.0 2,904
	1998	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,832	- 0	- 2,832
	2000	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,817	- 0	- 2,817
	2002	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,765	- 0	- 2,765
	2004	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,812	- 0	- 2,812
	2006	14.0 206	43.1 635	39.0 574	3.1 46	.7 11	- 46	- 2,992	- 0	100.0 4,510
	2008	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,023	- 0	- 2,023
	2010	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,044	- 0	- 2,044
	2012	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,974	- 0	- 1,974
	2014	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,538	- 0	- 2,538
	2016	11.1 150	42.9 580	41.2 557	4.4 60	.4 6	- 22	- 1,477	- 15	100.0 2,867
	2018	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,348	- 0	- 2,348
	2021	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 4,032	- 0	- 4,032
	COL TOTAL	14.7 815	47.0 2,607	34.9 1,933	3.0 168	.4 23	- 188	- 63,042	- 70	100.0 68,846

Properties
Data type:	numeric
Missing-data codes:	.d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.q,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z

taxpoortaxes on low income people too high

Text of this Question or Item

1257. Generally, how would you describe taxes in America 
today... We mean all taxes together, including social security, 
income tax, sales tax, and all the rest. c. For those with low 
incomes, are taxes...

Cells contain: -Valid row pct. -N of cases		taxpoor
Cells contain: -Valid row pct. -N of cases		1 much too high	2 too high	3 about right	4 too low	5 much too low	.d can't choose	.i iap	.n no answer	ROW TOTAL
year	1972	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,613	- 0	- 1,613
	1973	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,504	- 0	- 1,504
	1974	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,484	- 0	- 1,484
	1975	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,490	- 0	- 1,490
	1976	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,499	- 0	- 1,499
	1977	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,530	- 0	- 1,530
	1978	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,532	- 0	- 1,532
	1980	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,468	- 0	- 1,468
	1982	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,860	- 0	- 1,860
	1983	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,599	- 0	- 1,599
	1984	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,473	- 0	- 1,473
	1985	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,534	- 0	- 1,534
	1986	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,470	- 0	- 1,470
	1987	32.6 477	39.3 575	24.1 352	2.9 43	1.0 15	- 75	- 255	- 27	100.0 1,819
	1988	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,481	- 0	- 1,481
	1989	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,537	- 0	- 1,537
	1990	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,372	- 0	- 1,372
	1991	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,517	- 0	- 1,517
	1993	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,606	- 0	- 1,606
	1994	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,992	- 0	- 2,992
	1996	24.2 292	40.9 493	30.5 368	3.8 46	.6 7	- 89	- 1,572	- 37	100.0 2,904
	1998	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,832	- 0	- 2,832
	2000	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,817	- 0	- 2,817
	2002	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,765	- 0	- 2,765
	2004	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,812	- 0	- 2,812
	2006	25.9 378	36.2 529	32.3 472	4.1 60	1.5 22	- 56	- 2,992	- 1	100.0 4,510
	2008	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,023	- 0	- 2,023
	2010	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,044	- 0	- 2,044
	2012	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,974	- 0	- 1,974
	2014	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,538	- 0	- 2,538
	2016	23.2 313	37.1 501	31.4 424	6.0 81	2.2 30	- 27	- 1,477	- 14	100.0 2,867
	2018	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,348	- 0	- 2,348
	2021	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 4,032	- 0	- 4,032
	COL TOTAL	26.7 1,460	38.3 2,098	29.5 1,616	4.2 230	1.4 74	- 247	- 63,042	- 79	100.0 68,846

Properties
Data type:	numeric
Missing-data codes:	.d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.q,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z

taxshareshould rich pay bigger share of taxes?

Text of this Question or Item

1258. Do you think that people with high incomes should pay a 
larger share of their income in taxes than those with low 
incomes, the same share, or a smaller share . . .

Cells contain: -Valid row pct. -N of cases		taxshare
Cells contain: -Valid row pct. -N of cases		1 much larger share	2 larger	3 the same share	4 smaller	5 much smaller share	.d can't choose	.i iap	.n no answer	.s skipped on web	ROW TOTAL
year	1972	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,613	- 0	- 0	- 1,613
	1973	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,504	- 0	- 0	- 1,504
	1974	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,484	- 0	- 0	- 1,484
	1975	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,490	- 0	- 0	- 1,490
	1976	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,499	- 0	- 0	- 1,499
	1977	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,530	- 0	- 0	- 1,530
	1978	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,532	- 0	- 0	- 1,532
	1980	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,468	- 0	- 0	- 1,468
	1982	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,860	- 0	- 0	- 1,860
	1983	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,599	- 0	- 0	- 1,599
	1984	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,473	- 0	- 0	- 1,473
	1985	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,534	- 0	- 0	- 1,534
	1986	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,470	- 0	- 0	- 1,470
	1987	23.9 347	44.6 648	29.4 428	1.7 24	.5 7	- 88	- 255	- 22	- 0	100.0 1,819
	1988	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,481	- 0	- 0	- 1,481
	1989	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,537	- 0	- 0	- 1,537
	1990	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,372	- 0	- 0	- 1,372
	1991	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,517	- 0	- 0	- 1,517
	1993	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,606	- 0	- 0	- 1,606
	1994	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,992	- 0	- 0	- 2,992
	1996	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,904	- 0	- 0	- 2,904
	1998	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,832	- 0	- 0	- 2,832
	2000	22.2 260	42.8 502	32.7 384	1.4 16	.9 11	- 49	- 1,545	- 50	- 0	100.0 2,817
	2002	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,765	- 0	- 0	- 2,765
	2004	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,812	- 0	- 0	- 2,812
	2006	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 4,510	- 0	- 0	- 4,510
	2008	19.3 196	41.4 421	37.4 380	1.5 15	.5 5	- 18	- 982	- 6	- 0	100.0 2,023
	2010	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,044	- 0	- 0	- 2,044
	2012	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 1,974	- 0	- 0	- 1,974
	2014	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,538	- 0	- 0	- 2,538
	2016	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,867	- 0	- 0	- 2,867
	2018	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 0	- 2,348	- 0	- 0	- 2,348
	2021	29.3 512	43.5 760	24.7 432	1.8 32	.7 12	- 101	- 2,029	- 144	- 10	100.0 4,032
	COL TOTAL	24.4 1,315	43.2 2,331	30.1 1,624	1.6 87	.6 35	- 256	- 62,966	- 222	- 10	100.0 68,846

Properties
Data type:	numeric
Missing-data codes:	.d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.q,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z

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